Graphene oxide doped ethanol droplet combustion: Ignition delay and contribution of atomization to burning rate

Effects of graphene oxide nanomaterials addition and oxidation level on ignition delay burning rate ethanol droplets are experimentally investigated. Three samples synthesized characterized. Separate high-speed OH * chemiluminescence shadowgraphy images collected. The results suggest that increasing the loading concentration from 0 to 0.1% (by weight) generally increases delay, except for doped with highly oxidized graphene. show unlike pure droplets, atomization may occur droplets. It is demonstrated that, independent tested conditions, occurs in second half droplet lifetime. probability density function atomized baby diameter, initial projected velocity, length trajectory similar all conditions additives. joint calculated atomization-related parameters against one another suggests majority feature a relatively short lifetime, indicating they potentially burn inside flame envelope. Using surface regression curves versus time, periods which does not occur, present estimated. former shown enhance by reducing However, supported Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy samples, it found maximum increase latter both concentrations features amount infrared radiation absorption. To quantify effect mass loss, conservation framework utilized, intense suppresses evaporation loss. Doping 0.01 enhances overall rate, enhancement 8.4% pertaining reduced 0.1%.